Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Antiphospholipid syndrome or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS or APLS or), often similarly Hughes syndrome, is an autoimmune, hypercoagulable state caused by antibodies against cell-membrane phospholipids that provokes blood coagulates (thrombosis) in some(prenominal) arteries and veins as well as pregnancy- related to complications such as miscarriage, stillbirth, pre endpoint delivery, or severe preeclampsia. The syndrome surpasss due to the autoimmune production of antibodies against  cardiolipin (anti-cardiolipin antibodies) and ?2 glycoprotein I. The limit primary antiphospholipid syndrome is used when APS occurs in the absence of any new(prenominal) related disease. APS however also occurs in the context of other autoimmune diseases, such as  general lupus erythematosus ( systemic lupus erythematosus), in which case the term secondary antiphospholipid syndrome is used. In un vulgar cases, APS leads to rapid organ disaster due to generalize thrombosis; this is termed ruinous antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) and is associated with a high pretend of death. In APS patients, the closely harsh venous incident is dim vein thrombosis of the light extremities (blood clot of the deep veins of the legs) and the most common arterial event is stroke. In pregnant women affected by APS, miscarriage  empennage occur prior to 20 hebdomad of gestation, while  pre-eclampsia is inform to occur after that time.

The antiphospholipid syndrome responsible for(p) for most of the miscarriages in posterior trimesters seen in concomitant systemic lupus erythematosus and pregnancy. Risk Factors: ? primordial APS ? hereditary marker HLA-DR7 ? Secondary APS ? SLE or other autoimmune dis identifys ? Genetic markers: HLA-B8, HLA-DR2, HLA-DR3 ? Race: Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and  primeval Americans Diagnosis: Antiphospholipid syndrome is tried and unbent for in the laboratory  using both liquid gunpoint coagulation assays (lupus anticoagulant) and solid strain ELISA assays (anti-cardiolipin antibodies). Genetic thrombophilia is need of the differential diagnosis...If you want to turn a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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